ADHD symptoms? Psychologists, psychiatrists should consider child maltreatment as the cause before prescribing meds

Adhd-facts1While reading a 2007 press release from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), I became unusually hopeful for youths diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A study performed jointly by the NIMH and the National Institute of Health revealed the brains of youths with ADHD develop normally but at different rates. In the prefrontal cortex, development was delayed three years on average in youths diagnosed with ADHD. This region of the brain is associated with higher-order executive functions and is responsible for coordinating actions with thoughts according to a person’s goals and intentions.

But while development of the prefrontal cortex lags in youths with ADHD, the motor cortex, which controls voluntary body movement, matures faster. These combined changes correlate with behaviors seen with ADHD: fidgety, restless bodies that have difficulty inhibiting behavior and focusing attention. These behaviors impact their ability to do well in reward-based systems that require delaying gratification while working towards long-term goals (that is to say, school).

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Video: End It Now — Understanding and Preventing Child Abuse

Last month, Loma Linda University Children’s Hospital released an outstanding, optimistic, and solution-oriented video about child abuse, which they define as physical, sexual, verbal abuse and domestic violence.

What makes the video so strong are the stories told by three very brave people:

  • Amanda Marsh, who was sexually abused by her stepfather from the time she was 13 to 17 years old. She and her sister eventually reported him, and he is now in prison.
  • Crystal Risely, physically and sexually abused by her physician father from infancy until she was 22 years old, molested by a teacher when she was 12, and molested by a principal when she was 16.
  • One man who was physically abused by his father from infancy until he was 16 years old. It ended when he left home. In the video, he prefers to remain anonymous.

Dr. Clare Sheridan-Matney, director of the division of

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Trauma is VERY common, manageable, and treatable

In the U.S., 70% of adults have experienced some type of traumatic event at least once in their lives. That’s 223.4 million people. Check out this great infographic from the National Council for Community Behavioral Healthcare for more information on addictions and treatment.

Below are a couple of screen grabs from the very long info graphic. Other parts include symptoms, coping strategies and effective treatments.

 

Are there really Democrat v. Republican parenting styles?

With the Republican and Democratic conventions upon us, and the U.S. presidential campaign in full swing, DailyInfographic.com dug into the archives for this amazing visualization of “right” and “left” that British data journalist David McCandless and information artist Stefanie Posavec put together in 2009 for his book The Visual Miscellaneum. The “Right” and “Left” refer to U.S., British and French politics, as you can see in the top strip of “Parties”.   

In 2009, McCandless made this observation in his explanation of the visual:

Researching this showed me that, despite my inevitable journalistic lean to the ‘left’, I am actually a bit more ‘right’ than I suspected.

The pieces that intrigued me most are the parenting styles, enlarged here.

Instilling fear in a child as a method of parenting, if interpreted negatively by a child, is considered one aspect of emotional abuse, which is one of the more damaging types of child maltreatment, according to the CDC’s Adverse Childhood Experiences Study (ACE Study). According to marriage and family therapist Felice Block on GoodTherapy.org: ”Children who experience emotional abuse feel that they are responsible for the behavior of their parents and that if only they were more polite, better students or better children, than their parents would be more loving.”

But is there really a difference between left and right parenting styles? Is fear as an element of parenting exclusive to a particular political point of view?

That hasn’t been my experience. I’ve met quite a few people grew up in households filled with chronic intimidation and fear, and whose parents were registered Democrats.

Hitting, pushing kids increases risk of mental illness; WOOF pairs SF homeless, puppies needing friends; “disorder” diagnosis for kids disputed

Researchers looked at people who were pushed, grabbed, shoved, slapped and hit as children — a step milder than “punching, burning, physical neglect or sexual abuse,” according to this post by Time.com reporter Bonnie Rochman. The results were grim: depression and anxiety were 1.4 times greater than those who did not experience the “mild” abuse; alcoholism increased 1.6 times and abuse of other drugs 1.5 times.

What qualifies as appropriate punishment is a hot-button topic among parents. The American Academy of Pediatrics opposes corporal

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Indiana child services in hot water; OK wants to stop child abuse deaths; Washington, DC, homeless families risk CPS probe; CA man charged after video shows he hit son with belt

Youth Opportunity Center juveniles walk through the hallways to their different classes. The Muncie facility was one of those to be closed in plan to “right-size” network.

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It’s abandoned a plan to “right-size” the state’s network of youth treatment centers, but the Indiana Department of Child Services is still facing criticism, according to this detailed story by Keith Roysdon and Douglas Walker on Starpress.com.  Many people say that centralizing parts of its operation — including a centralized call system for reporting child abuse and long-distance oversight of local cases — is just not working.

This story aptly demonstrates how a policy of dealing with problems downstream instead of instituting

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Trauma’s Imaginal Worlds

Few people pass from birth to death without intimate knowledge of trauma’s capacity to alter the landscape of the psyche. So many experiences are traumatizing: war, rape, death, car accidents, hurricanes, earthquakes, bullying, scapegoating, incest, family violence, racism, homophobia—and this, a cursory list at best. Even if you are fortunate enough to dodge trauma, its vicariousness insures we all share an intuition of how its fearsome power can forever change a life.

When something traumatic happens, and what occurred remains unsynthesized with the rest of the life story, the unarticulated bits of memory haunt the survivor, much the way a phantom limb recalls the injury as well as life before the tragedy. Trauma births its own world, one that exists beside the regular, expressed order of things where life stories are normalized, validated, even valorized. In trauma’s otherworldly realm—the imaginal landscape of our minds—travel the fragmented narratives of what transpired, but also of what failed to come about: escape from harm, facing down abusers, regaining a sense of safety. Here we find the birthplace of grief, but also creativity, the origins of trauma stories, yet also their erasure, all vying for connection with what can no longer be—or become—now that trauma has claimed its space.

The imaginal worlds opened by trauma are not necessarily pathological, devouring an otherwise healthy mind. Rather, they can be adaptive responses to social worlds marred by unpredictability, danger, cruelty, loneliness, and an awareness of death (as most societies are). In healthy, thriving environments, trauma’s imaginal worlds can lead to creative self-expression as well as unimagined solutions to threats, changing both the survivor of trauma and her community.

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AZ child abuse task force reforms locked in same old definitions, language

After a series of widely publicized deaths of children in Arizona last year, Gov. Jan Brewer created a Child Safety Task Force last October. Child Protective Services had the children on its radar, but did not intervene soon enough to prevent their deaths. The task force issued its recommendations last Friday. Mary Reinhart of the Arizona Republic News reported:

A specially trained investigative unit, quicker response to calls for help and more comprehensive treatment for victims of child abuse are among the final recommendations issued Friday by a gubernatorial task force on child safety. Continue reading

Every human function affected by ACEs, says Anda

Although the ACE Study shows a direct link between child trauma and adult onset of chronic disease, it’s not just health that’s affected by child trauma, says Dr. Rob Anda in this presentation he did in May at a meeting of the Alberta Family Wellness Initiative in Canada. “I see this as a developmental process that affects all of society,” he says.

Anda is one of the co-founders of the CDC’s ACE Study. In case you haven’t seen Anda in person, it’s worth checking out this 53-minute video — The Wide-Ranging Impact of Adverse Childhood Experiences: Connecting the Developmental Lens to the Health of our Society. It’s fascinating.

Anda incorporates art from Paul Klee, Michelangelo, W. Eugene Smith and others into his talks. “All art, to me,” Anda says, “mimics public health.” His interpretation of Michelangelo’s “The Creation of Adam” is an eye-opener.

Toward the end of the 53-minute presentation is a short video of a woman Anda met at a community meeting in Washington state several years ago. When she filled out the short 10-question ACE survey, and answered yes to all 10 questions, a light bulb went on. I’ll let you watch the video to find out what she did with that knowledge.

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